Sustainable traffic development means long term planning that will result in achieving the set goals by realizing the chosen steps. Greater traffic growth is fueled by environmental pollution and thus has a detrimental impact on people. Of all types of traffic the greatest pollution is caused by road traffic, and at least railways. The work consists of five interconnected parts. The introduction defines the problem, subject, purpose and objectives of the research and explains the structure of the work. The second part of the paper presents the sustainable development of transport, the significance of transport development in the Republic of Croatia and the ecological problems in transport. In the third part of the paper, there is pollution of road traffic and the measure and compensation for its reduction, while in the fourth part are mentioned and explained the ecological taxes, the Law on special tax on motor vehicles, fees in function of the development of transport in cities and sustainable development and compensation of damages caused by transporting dangerous and harmful substances by sea. The goal of each country is to establish a sustainable transport system that implies cohesion of transport development with the development of economic, social and ecological aspects. In order to remedy and remove the negative consequences of traffic to the environment, it is constantly working to take appropriate protective measures to reduce emissions and improve air quality. Given that environmental pollution is a global problem, cooperation and involvement of local and national and international communities is needed to address or mitigate this problem. With the aim of increasing the sustainability of traffic and reducing its negative impact on people and the environment, there is a need for introducing fees that are in the function of sustainable traffic development. Some of these fees are road charges, motor vehicle special tax, fees for the development of transport in cities and sustainable development, and compensation for damage caused by the transport of dangerous and harmful substances by sea. Their purpose is to reduce environmental pollution, traffic congestion and increase the overall sustainability of the traffic system development.