The theme of this graduate thesis includes issues of legal nature in relation to children whose parents are in a divorce with a cross-border element. Parental responsibility refers to rights and obligations relating to a child. Although the term is not equally defined in Member States, parents are entitled to the child's upbringing and the right to maintain contact with the child they do not live with. The problem arises when parents can not arrange custody over children, and even worse when one parent retains the child in another Member State in opposition to the will of another parent. Given the emergence of a cross-border element in the dispute, the court has the task of applying the appropriate European regulations that override the national regulations. The rules governing cross-border issues for children and parents are laid down in Regulation 2201/2003 of 27 November 2003 on jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement of judgments in matrimonial matters and matters relating to parental responsibility ("Brussels II bis"). If a child's kidnapping has occurred, the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction of 1980. is relevant as well. This paper deals precisely with the appearance of such a court procedure and its legal effects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explain the concept and institutes of parental responsibility, especially in the context of parental abduction, and apply them by elaborating a concrete item with a cross-border element. Work begins with a detailed description of the factual situation and the reconsideration of the circumstances that led to the dispute. Given that the process had an international character, the institutes needed to make a decision on the return of children will be explained in detail. More specifically, paper would clarify the habitual residence of the child, the jurisdiction of the court, the work of the central authority and the unlawful retention of children. In addition, the best interest of children is highlighted in this paper as an important factor requiring that any child-related procedures is solved by an urgent procedure.