Alternative care in this diploma paper refers to the placement of children without adequate parental care in systems that provide substitute family or institutional care outside the primary home. Effective realization of children's rights is essential for their development, safety and well-being. From the perspective of social workers, the role of understanding and implementing these rights in everyday practical application is important in order to provide children with optimal conditions for adequate growth and development. Therefore, questions arise as to how the rights of children without adequate parental care in alternative care are realized from the perspective of social workers and how social work activity can advance the realization of the rights of children without adequate parental care in alternative care. The aim of the research of this thesis is to identify and describe the rights of children without adequate parental care in an alternative form of care and ways of achieving them from the perspective of social workers. The paper analyzes regulations and available literature and presents the results of interviews with social workers from different counties. The results of the research showed that, although children in alternative care have various rights, they face challenges in realizing fundamental rights such as the right to privacy due to spatial limitations and overloaded of institutions. The participants emphasize the need to increase accommodation capacity, hire additional professional staff and ensure adequate resources. They also emphasize the importance of promoting foster care, engagement of non-governmental organizations and cooperation with local communities. The research conclusions point to the need for systemic changes in order to ensure better care and protection of the rights of children without adequate parental care in the system of alternative care.