In contemporary society, the unequal distribution of family and work responsibilities between men and women remains a challenge. Traditional gender roles, which historically define men as primary breadwinners and women as main caregivers, continue to influence how family and work obligations are organized. Despite growing awareness of the importance of gender equality, many couples still divide responsibilities based on these established roles. Unpaid work, including household chores and childcare, largely remains the domain of women. Parental and maternity leaves represent one aspect of achieving a more equitable distribution of family responsibilities. Policies that support the reconciliation of family obligations and paid work, such as flexible working hours and remote work, have become increasingly important. However, these forms of work also present challenges for parenting. Differences between men and women in the context of family and work responsibilities can have long-term consequences on family dynamics and the broader social structure. Additionally, atypical forms of work and insecure employment can further complicate the ability to balance these obligations, particularly affecting low-income families. Various strategies and measures have been designed to prevent discrimination and enhance social recognition and support for all family members, aiming for better reconciliation of professional and private lives for both genders. To achieve a more equitable distribution of family and work responsibilities, it is necessary to implement systemic changes and improve existing measures, thus providing support to families in achieving a more balanced life.