This paper deals with the problem of environmental pollution and its connection with road transportation and consequently studies electric vehicles as a potential solution to this increasingly important and topical problem. The 2015 Paris Agreement reached an agreement on investing in keeping global warming below 2°C and eliminating the effects of climate change. In the spirit of the Paris Agreement, the European Union adopted the European Green Plan, Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy, and Directive 2014/94/EU on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure. Alternative fuels are one of the main answers to the burning issue of the increasingly rapid progress of global warming. Their development should help meet the European Union's goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions in transport and reducing Europe's dependence on oil imports. One of the main questions being asked is whether electric vehicles are truly the solution to climate problems. The paper highlights the positive aspects of electric vehicles, among which are the immediate elimination of exhaust gases while driving cars powered by electricity and the reduction of noise pollution, considering that electric vehicles are almost silent when moving. The negative sides of electric vehicles are the lack and in some cases the absence, of infrastructure for charging vehicles and indirect pollution from the production of electric vehicles and electricity. Namely, electricity is mostly produced by burning fossil fuels, which is harmful to the environment. Furthermore, the production of electric vehicle parts requires the investment of an immense amount of energy and direct pollution during transport. The profitability of electric vehicles for citizens and the impact on air pollution will be shown only if the goals and ideas on the European and world level are met. In addition to the analysis of the mentioned issues, the paper also explored the legislative framework that would potentially slow down negative trends in environmental pollution.