The subject of this diploma paper is the protection of possession. By studying legal theory and jurisprudence in the Republic of Croatia, the author has come to the following conclusion: the protection of possession includes self-help and court protection of the property and the form of protection the possessor will serve in the event of a disruption depends on his will and the circumstances in which the disruption occurred. Disruption of possession may be caused by harassment of possession and the seizure of possession. By consequent disturbance, the possessor has the right to protection of his possessions. The Law on Ownership and Other Property Rights prescribes a subjective term of 30 days from the knowledge of the resulting disturbance and the objective deadline of one year from the day of committing the disturbance over which the possessor whose property was disturbed loses the right to protect his possession. This deadline is precluded, and if the claimant filed a lawsuit for disturbance od possession after the deadline, the court should assess the suitability as untimely. In the legal order of the Republic of Croatia self-help represents one of the two possibilities of protection of possession, and the Law on Ownership Other Property Rights recognizes the right to defensive and offensive self-help under the same assumptions. Self-relieving self-defense is defensive, while self-help from taking away the possession of an offensive nature. Self-help can be served by possessor, successor and auxiliary in possession (who will thus enforce the possessor's right to self-help) within the time prescribed by law, and if the possessor (or any of the aforementioned persons) served self-help by the expiration of the deadlines his act would be self-reliant. When the possessor has been self-reliant by which his previous state of affairs has been established, he has no right to judicial protection of property in the opinion of the court practice in the Republic of Croatia. The judicial protection of possession, i.e. the procedure stopping the disturbance of possession, is governed by the Law on Ownership and Other Property Rights and the Law on Litigation. Judicial protection of possession is achieved through the filing of a lawsuit filed by the last, factual and peaceful possessor of the property or right (immediate possessor, indirect holder of any degree, each successor) and successor of such possessor. The procedure for stopping the disturbance of possession is an urgent procedure, it cannot be considered a small value procedure and there is no standstill in the process. In the claim for stopping the disturbance of possession, the claim is composed of the declaration and the condemnatory part. The lawsuit's claim is directed to establish that a disturbance has been committed, to establish a state of affairs and to prohibit such conduct in the future. The Law on Litigation stipulates that litigation on possession law is limited to discussion of the last state of possession and the resulting disturbance. The procedure for stopping the disturbance of possession ends with the decision by the court, and legal remedies are appeal as a regular remedy and revision and repetition of the trial in specific cases as extraordinary remedies.