This final paper provides a detailed examination of the issue of archival material protection, emphasizing its importance in preserving cultural and historical heritage. Archival material is an invaluable resource that enables an understanding of past social, political, and cultural processes, playing a crucial role in transmitting information to future generations. However, archival materials face a range of threats, including physical damage, deterioration due to environmental factors, and challenges related to technological advancements. The paper is structured into several thematic sections. It first explores the concept and significance of archival material, with particular attention to the historical development of preservation practices. It then analyzes the legal frameworks and international standards that define how archival materials should be handled, including legislative guidelines at both national and global levels. Special attention is given to physical protection methods, including proper storage, conservation, and restoration techniques. Digitization of archival materials represents a key challenge in modern archival practice, and the paper offers a detailed analysis of the advantages and drawbacks of digitization as a form of protection. While digitization allows for wider access and reduces physical contact with original documents, it also highlights risks related to technological obsolescence and the preservation of digital formats. In the conclusion, the paper proposes recommendations for improving archival protection practices, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach between physical and digital preservation. The goal of this paper is to raise awareness of the importance of long-term preservation of archival materials and to underscore the need for continuous adaptation in line with technological and societal changes.