Local elections in the Republic of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina represent a key political event at the level of local communities. Two states that have their own specificities in the process of organization and implementation of local elections, but share some common elements. In the Republic of Croatia, local elections are held at the level of municipalities, cities and counties. Citizens elect their representatives who will make decisions on local issues, the budget and community development. Parties and independent candidates compete for voter support, and election results often reflect political trends at the national level. On the other hand, Bosnia and Herzegovina is a complex country with two entities - the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska, each with its own political structures, including the Brčko District with its own special status. Local elections are held at the level of municipalities and cities within these entities. A special feature is the presence of three constituent nations - Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs, which often affects the dynamics of election processes. In both entities, the key challenges of local elections include issues of local development, infrastructure, economic policy and solving specific problems of everyday life of citizens. Also, the presence of political parties, ethnic issues and national identities often shape the political landscape and the results of local elections. Local elections play an important role in the democratic process, providing citizens with the opportunity to elect their representatives at the local level, and influencing the shaping of policies and decisions that directly affect their lives in the local community.