The felony of veterinary malpractice is one of the most serious violations of animal and their holders rights that is reflected in negligence, untimely treatment and all kinds of different behavior that can harm animals health. Depending on the severity of the violation of the principles fines and imprisonment for up to one year are envisaged. Although this is a provision of the Criminal law, it is best defined in the Veterinary Act and other regulations and ordinances such as the Code of Good Veterinary Practice and the Code of Veterinary Ethics. We will elaborate on these minor and serious violations of the principles of the profession and get acquainted with the envisaged sanctions. In cases of their violation, the accused veterinarian appears before the first instance Court of Honor or the High Court of Honor as a second instance body. The joint body of veterinarians is the Croatian Veterinary Chamber, whose goal and task is to promote the activities but also to supervise the work of veterinarians and veterinary organizations. When elaborating this topic, it is very important to emphasize that a veterinarian must not refuse to treat any animal, he must determine priorities based on his professional knowledge and act accordingly. Although violations of this provision of the Criminal Code are not so common in practice, we will see two interesting cases that occurred in Zagreb and Split in which veterinarians either refused to treat the animal or acted in a way that caused the animal extreme pain, suffering and stress and this eventually led to euthanasia.