| Abstract | Josip Jelačić rođen je 16. listopada 1801. godine u Petrovaradinu. Jelačić se školuje u Theresianumu, u Beču i bio je izvrstan student. Prvu časničku dužnost preuzima 1819. godine. Josip Jelačić najviše vojnog iskustva stjecao je u Vojnoj krajini gdje se sukobljavao sa Turcima. Zbog obavljanja časničkog posla stjecao je iskustvo u upravnim, financijskim i gospodarskim poslovima. Imenovanje banom Jelačića je iznenadilo zbog brzine kojom se to sve odvijalo, a ne zbog svoje ne spremnosti a tu funkciju. Kralj Ferdinand imenovao je Jelačića banom 23. ožujka i pozvao ga da prisegne pred njim u Beču. Narodna skupština održana u Zagrebu 25. ožujka izabrala je Jelačića za bana, a Jelačić je 8. travnja prisegnu za bansku čast pred kraljem u Beču. Ban Jelačić je u proglasu od 25. travnja prekinuo sve odnose sa Ugarskom, a istog je dana proglasom ukinuo kmetstvo. Ban Jelačić je krajem travnja osnovao i Bansko vijeće kao svoje savjetodavno tijelo, a zatim je to tijelo nakon imenovanja članova i predsjednika pet odsjeka , pretvorio u vrhovno upravno tijelo, prvu hrvatsku samostalnu vladu. Jelačić je naložio Banskom vijeću da napravi izborni red za prvi hrvatski građanski sabor, time sabor prestaje biti staleški i postaje predstavničko tijelo. Proglasom od 6. kolovoza. 1848. godine objavljuje da se hrvatsko mađarski odnosi mogu riješiti samo na bojištu. Od toga dana počinju i pripreme za rat sa Mađarima. Taj rat trajati će gotovo godinu dana. Jelačićeva vojska zaposjeda Rijeku, oslobađa Virovitičku županiju od mađarona, a 11. rujna prelazi Dravu kraj Varaždina i priključuje Međimurje Hrvatskoj. Jelačićevim zauzimanjem Strossmayer je imenovan đakovačkim biskupom 1849. godine, 1852. godine postignuo je da se osnuje zagrebačka nadbiskupija čime se hrvatska i crkveno odvaja od Ugarske. Osnovao je zakladu za nemoćne vojnike i njihove obitelji, a 1853. postaje predsjednikom obnovljenog Hrvatsko slavonskog gospodarskog društva. Poticao je pisanje udžbenika na hrvatskom jeziku, izgradnju cesta i željeznica te je nastojao riješiti probleme na selu nakon ukidanja kmetstva. |
| Abstract (english) | Josip Jelacic was born 16 October 1801 in Petrovaradin. Jelacic was educated in Theresianum, in Vienna and was an outstanding student. As first officer he undertook his duties in 1819. Josip Jelacic gained much of his military experience at Military Frontier where he clashed with the Turks. Due to undertaking undertaking responsibilities as officer, he gained experience in administrative, financial and economic affairs. The speed with which he was named count surprised Jelacic, rather than his unpreparedness for the position. King Ferdinand proclaimed him count on 23 March and invited him to take an Oath for the honor, before him on 8 April, in Vienna. The National Assembly, held in Zagreb on the 25 March, had chosen Jelacic as count and he swore the Oath for the honor, before the King in Vienna, on 8 April. In his proclamation on the 25 April, Count Jelacic severed all ties with Hungary and on the same day, abolished serfdom. By the end of April, Count Jelacic formed the Count's Council as his Advisory Board, appointing members and five presidential sections which were later developed into the supreme governing body, the first Croatian Independent Government. Jelacic ordered the Count's Council to draw up the electoral laws for the first Croatian Parliament of citizens, whereby Parliament ceased to be solely restricted to members of the aristocracy, acquiring the characteristics of a representative body. The proclamation on 6 August 1848 announced that Croatian-Hungarian relations could only be resolved on the battlefield. From that day forth preparations for war with Hungarians began. The War lasted almost a year. Jelacic's army captured Rijeka, liberated Virovitica County, from the Hungarians, and on 11 September crossed the Drava River, near Varazdin, annexing Međimurje with Croatia. With Jelacic's support, Strossmayer was appointed Bishop of Dakovo in 1849. The establishment of the Archdiocese in Zagreb was achieved in 1852, separating both Croatia and the Church, from Hungary. Jelacic founded the Foundation for Feeable Soldiers and their Families and in 1853 became President of the renewed Croatian Slavonian Economic Community. He encouraged the writing of textbooks in the Croatian language, the construction of roads and railways and sought to solve the problems in the countryside after the abolition of serfdom. |
