Family is the most natural social environment in a child's life which plays an important role in the emotional development of a child along with its progress. When family problems occur, parents often disregard the fact that in these types of difficult situations, children are the ones who are distressed. If it comes to some unconcerned acts in which parent neglect the child's best interest, the state has an important role and, by appropriate measurements, must protect the child. According to the Family Act, parental care comprises responsibilities, rights and duties of a parent, in purpose of protecting the child's personal rights and wellbeing. It ends when a child acquires full business ability, in case of adoption or death of a parent. Measurements which are expressed in order to protect child's rights and prosperity are in the hands of the Centre for Social Welfare and the Court which make decisions about improving child's growth and progress within and beyond its family. The aim of this paper is not analyze legal presumptions for the intervention of the Centre for Social Welfare and the Court to protect the child's personal interests in cases when parental care is not adequately implemented, and to show all the measurments which these institutions can take in favor of protecting the child's best interests.