The trademark is an essential means of identifying the products and services of business organizations and similar entities in commercial transactions today. The evolution of trade, technology, and globalization brings new challenges to the realm of intellectual property on a daily basis. This paper analyzes the trademark as an object of intellectual property within the national and European legal framework, contemporary protection challenges, the registration procedure, and the criteria that need to be met for a trademark to enjoy legal protection. It explores supranational trademark protection at the European Union level (Union Trade Mark, abbreviated EUTM). The paper also deals with a comparative analysis of different national legal solutions and the issue of international trademark protection beyond the borders of the European Union. It discusses the distinction between other intellectual property rights and their similarities, issues of trademark rights transfer, the role of the register during the transfer, and various types of trademarks and their purposes. In addition to the EU Trade Mark Regulation, international treaties, the Trademark Act, and other relevant harmonization acts of secondary EU legislation were used as guidelines in the preparation of this paper.