| Abstract | Nasilje u partnerskim odnosima predstavlja jednu od najčešćih vrsta nasilja u društvu koje se može vršiti na psihičkom, fizičkom, seksualnom i ekonomskom aspektu, dok se zanemarivanje partnera, odnosno njegovih osnovnih životnih potreba uglavnom odvija u partnerskom odnosu u kojem je jedan od partnera osoba s invaliditetom ili osoba starije dobi. Partnersko nasilje ne prepoznaje iznimke pa je tako prisutno među svim socio – ekonomskim, religijskim i kulturnim skupinama, a službeni podaci državnih tijela ukazuju na muškarce kao počinitelje u većem broju slučajeva, dok su u manjem broju u ulozi žrtve, no to ne isključuje ženu kao počiniteljicu nasilja. Najčešći čimbenici rizika za nasilje među partnerima čine demografske karakteristike, povijest nasilja u obitelji, konzumacija alkohola te psihološke karakteristike osobe. Mentalni i psihosocijalni problemi, poput depresije, anksioznosti i pokušaja suicida, najčešći su pokazatelji nekog oblika nasilja, dok se tjelesni simptomi mogu uočiti u obliku različitih ozljeda, npr. lica, prsnog koša ili prijeloma. Unatoč tome što je intimno partnersko nasilje izrazito negativno iskustvo s potencijalno brojnim psihičkim, fizičkim, ekonomskim i društvenim posljedicama, značajan broj žrtava ostaje u takvim vezama, uglavnom zbog nedostatka podrške obitelji, financijske ovisnosti o partneru te zbog boljitka djece. U ovom slučaju, djeca mogu biti kolateralne žrtve, pri čemu može doći do transgeneracijskog prijenosa nasilja, odnosno djeca koja svjedoče nasilju među roditeljima imaju veću vjerojatnost za ponavljanjem takvog ponašanja kasnije u životu. Kako bi se spriječilo partnersko nasilje ili smanjila njegova učestalost, postoji veliki broj zakona i propisa koji reguliraju navedena područja. Djelovanje socijalnih radnika ogleda se u nizu aktivnosti koje uključuju osnaživanje i pomoć žrtvama nasilja, rad s počiniteljima i njihovu resocijalizaciju, jačanje suradnje i pružanje podrške organizacijama civilnog društva koje djeluju na području zaštite žrtava nasilja te podizanje svijesti javnosti o posljedicama nasilja. Prevencija je ključna za jačanje kvalitetnih odnosa i smanjenje sukoba koji mogu dovesti do nasilja, čineći okruženje zdravijim i sigurnijim za život i buduće generacije. Cilj ovoga rada je pružiti pregled fenomena nasilja u partnerskim odnosima proučavajući njegovu raširenost, uzroke, oblike i posljedice. Razmatranje zakonskih odredbi i preveniranja navedene društvene pojave u kontekstu socijalnog rada i opće društvene razine, omogućava uvid u preventivne programe i metode kojima treba posvetiti pozornost pri izradi istih. |
| Abstract (english) | Intimate partner violence is one of the most common types of violence in society, which can be perpetrated on the psychological, physical, sexual and economic aspects, while the neglect of the partner, i.e. his basic life needs, mainly takes place in relationships where one of the partners is a person with a disability or an elderly person. Partner violence does not recognize exceptions, so it is present among all socio-economic, religious and cultural groups, and the official data of state bodies indicate that men are the perpetrators in a greater number of cases, while in a smaller number they are in the role of victims, but this does not exclude women as perpetrator of violence. The most common risk factors for violence between partners are demographic characteristics, history of domestic violence, alcohol consumption and psychological characteristics of the person. Mental and psychosocial problems, such as depression, anxiety and suicide attempts, are the most common indicator of some form of violence, while physical symptoms can be observed in the form of injuries to the face, chest or fractures. Despite the fact that intimate partner violence is an extremely negative experience with potentially numerous psychological, physical, economic and social consequences, a significant number of victims remain in such relationships, mainly due to a lack of family support, financial dependence on their partner and the well-being of their children. In this case, children can be collateral victims, whereby transgenerational transmission of violence can occur, i.e. children who witness violence between their parents are more likely to repeat such behavior later in life. In order to prevent partner violence or reduce its frequency, there are numerous laws and regulations that regulate the mentioned areas. The work of social workers is reflected in a series of activities that include empowering and helping victims of violence, working with perpetrators and their resocialization, strengthening cooperation and providing support to civil society organizations aimed at protecting victims of violence, and raising public awareness of the consequences of violence. Prevention is key to strengthening quality relationships and reducing conflicts that can lead to violence, making the environment healthier and safer for life and future generations. The aim of this the paper is to provide an overview of violence in partner relationships by studying its prevalence, causes, forms and consequences. Consideration of legal provisions and the prevention of the mentioned social phenomenon in the context of social work and the general social level, allows insight into preventive programs and methods that should be paid attention to when creating them. |
