| Abstract | Starenje stanovništva je danas sveprisutna pojava koja zahvaća većinu razvijenih zemalja pa tako i Republiku Hrvatsku. Mnogo starijih osoba se susreće sa životom u samačkim kućanstvima, a zbog udaljenosti članova obitelji ostaju bez izvora podrške koje pokušavaju nadomjestiti oblicima institucionalne ili izvaninstitucionalne skrbi. Za odabir pravog rješenja za svaku stariju osobu koja je u potrebi za oblikom podrške, nužan je individualizirani pristup koji naglašava djelovanje u skladu s korisnikovim potrebama i željama, a čija rješenja trebaju biti adekvatno prilagođena svakome korisniku. Individualni plan je definiran u sklopu Zakona o socijalnoj skrbi te je usmjeren k promjeni ponašanja ili životne situacije korisnika, a posebno je važno da se izrađuje uz aktivan angažman korisnika. Ovim planom se definiraju usluge u koje će se korisnik uključiti, pri čemu socijalni radnik ima vrlo važnu ulogu u planiranju jasnih ciljeva, vremenskog okvira provedbe, potrebnih resursa, aktivnosti i izvora dostupne podrške, kao i provedbi samog plana, praćenju, evaluaciji i potrebnim korekcijama samog plana. Cilj ovoga rada je pobliže opisati sustav skrbi za starije osobe i prikazati koncept individualnog plana, njegovu svrhu te sadržaj, a osobito u kontekstu izvaninstitucionalnih usluga. Metoda koja se koristila je analiza i pregled stručne literature koja je obrađena i prikazana u ovome radu. Iz stručne literature može se zaključiti kako metoda individualnog planiranja daje prostor starijoj osobi da postaje kreator i donositelj odluka o svome životu, dok se jasno naglašava prednost izvaninstitucionalne skrbi prilikom individualnog planiranja. Za daljnji razvoj individualnog planiranja, a samim time stvaranja osnova za skrb o starijim osobama nužan je konsenzus cijelog društva. Nadležne institucije moraju se aktivno uključiti po pitanju unapređivanja i educiranja većeg broja stručnjaka koji su spremne raditi s ljudima starije životne dobi. Osim toga nadležne su za praćenje tehnoloških inovacija poput telemedicine i robotskih asistenata kao vid skrbi za starije osobe u budućnosti i naposljetku osiguravanje odgovarajućih resursa za istraživanja i analizu potreba što većeg broja starijih osoba kojima je individualno planiranje potrebno. |
| Abstract (english) | Population aging is today a phenomenon that affects most developed countries, including the Republic of Croatia. Many older people encounter life in single households, and due to the distance of family members, they are left without any source of support, which they try to replace with forms of institutional or non-institutional care. In order to choose the right solution for every older person in need of a form of support, an individualized approach is necessary, emphasizing action in accordance with the user's needs and wishes, and whose solutions should be adequately adapted to each user. The individual plan is defined as part of the Social Welfare Act and is aimed at changing the user's behaviour or life situation, and it is especially important that it is created with the active involvement of the user. This plan defines the services in which the user will be included, whereby the social worker has a very important role in planning clear goals, implementation time frame, necessary resources, activities, and sources of available support, as well as the implementation of the plan itself, monitoring, evaluation and necessary corrections of the plan itself. The aim of this work is to describe in detail the system of care for the older and to present the concept of an individual plan, its purpose and content, especially in the context of non-institutional services. The method that was used was the analysis and review of professional literature, which was processed and presented in this paper. From the professional literature, it can be concluded that the method of individual planning gives chance to older person to become a creator and decision-maker about his life, while the advantage of non-institutional care during individual planning is clearly emphasized. For the further development of individual planning, and thus the creation of the basis for the care for older people, a consensus of the entire society and institutions is necessary regarding the improvement and education of a greater number of experts who are ready to work with older people, then as part of the aforementioned monitoring of technological innovations such as telemedicine and robotic assistants as a type of care of the future, and finally providing adequate resources for research and analysis of the needs of the largest number of older people who need individual planning. |
