The representation of women in political decision-making bodies since the founding of the independent and sovereign Republic of Croatia has been at unsatisfactory levels, which is why the Republic of Croatia, in the process of joining the European Union, adopted anti-discrimination laws based on international acts and the policy of the United Nations, as well as regional acts of the Council of Europe and the European Union, which require positive measures to be taken to achieve a balanced representation of women and men in political decision-making bodies. Positive measures in the form of gender quotas in the Croatian electoral legislation oblige political parties to include a certain percentage of underrepresented gender on the candidate lists for representative bodies in the elections for the European Parliament, for the Croatian Parliament and in the local elections. The representation of women in the representative bodies of the units of regional self-government before the introduction of anti-discrimination laws in the Republic of Croatia was below 15%, which had numerous reasons, from political, socioeconomic and sociocultural to devastating stereotypes and attitudes about differences between women and men based on their physiological features. Research in the final paper based on qualitative and quantitative methodology, presented through statistical data on the representation of women in representative bodies of units of regional self-government in the Republic of Croatia in local elections from 2005 to 2021, is a source of information on the lack of balanced representation of women and men in representative bodies at the regional level in the Republic of Croatia and the level of (in)efficiency of the anti-discrimination policies in the electoral legislation of the Republic of Croatia, as well as the basis for creating better policies for the realization of gender equality in political decision-making bodies at the regional level in the Republic of Croatia.