Electronic monitoring is recognized as an innovative tool that contributes to the efficiency of judicial systems, particularly by influencing the humanization of punishment enforcement and reducing prison overcrowding. Despite its significance, the right to electronic monitoring is a relative right that can be restricted under certain circumstances. The thesis titled „The Application of Electronic Monitoring in the Republic of Croatia with a Focus on the Legal Framework in Norway and Sweden“ deeply analyzes the legal and practical aspects of using electronic monitoring as a means to modernize the criminal justice system. The thesis focuses on comparing the legal frameworks and practical application of electronic monitoring in Croatia, Norway, and Sweden, examining how these countries utilize technology to enhance the efficiency and humanity of their penal systems. It provides a detailed analysis of the legal frameworks enabling the use of electronic monitoring for probation and conditional release, with an emphasis on legal regulations and practical application in the observed countries. The Norwegian and Swedish models are presented as examples of good practice due to their integration of rehabilitative goals and reduction of recidivism. In the context of the Republic of Croatia, the thesis identifies key challenges in applying electronic monitoring, with particular emphasis on the impact of the legal framework on the effectiveness of monitoring and the resocialization of offenders, and offers recommendations for improving the electronic monitoring system in line with European standards. The thesis highlights the importance of continuous evaluation and adaptation of the legal and organizational aspects of electronic monitoring to maximize its benefits for society and individuals. Guidelines are proposed for further development and research in the field of electronic monitoring to ensure its fair, transparent, and effective application.