This paper addresses the issue of poverty among the elderly in Croatia, with a particular focus on the city of Osijek. Given the growing number of older people, demographic changes present a challenge for social and economic policies, while poverty in this population becomes an important social issue that affects quality of life and social inclusion. The aims of this paper are to analyze the extent of poverty among the elderly, identify the main factors contributing to their financial difficulties, and assess the effectiveness of existing national measures in combating poverty. The structure of the paper begins with a clarification of the concepts of relative and absolute poverty, followed by an examination of demographic trends related to aging in Croatia. Social and economic aspects of aging are then discussed, with particular attention to the concept of successful aging. After that, the focus shifts to poverty among the elderly and its implications, relying on statistical data on poverty at the national level, with a special review of the situation in Osijek. In conclusion, the topics covered are connected, and suggestions for further research and policy improvements are provided. Although the paper offers insight into the current situation by using available statistical data, it is limited by the lack of specific local data for Osijek, as well as a lack of research in the region of Pannonian Croatia.