| Abstract | Devetnaesto je stoljeće bilo ključan period za modernizaciju zaostale feudalne zemlje u modernu državu koja u stopu prati europske trendove. Veliki doprinos u tom razvoju dao je Ivan Mažuranić. Svojim djelovanjem ostavio je veliki trag na književnom i kulturnom području, no za Hrvatsku su od veće važnosti njegove reforme uprave, sudstva, školstva i gospodarstva. Tijekom njegovog djelovanja na hrvatskoj sceni uveden je institut odgovornosti vlade Saboru, odvaja upravu od sudstva, uvodi slobodu tiska, uvodi obvezno i besplatno četverogodišnje obrazovanje, otvoreno je sveučilište u Zagrebu te provodi brojne druge reforme. Svoje djelovanje započeo je kao književnik s iznimnim književnim opusom. Njegove je kvalitete prepoznao Ljudevit Gaj koji ga uključuje u narodni preporod. Cilj narodnog preporoda je bilo buđenje nacionalne svijesti pa u tim nastojanjima oko sebe okupljaju intelektualce željne promjena. Na početku su djelovali bez jasnog programa, ali pritisci s ugarske i austrijske strane potiču ih na stvaranje jasnog cilja i čvršću borbu. U tim nastojanjima osniva se Narodna stranka. Ivan Mažuranić se na Jelačićev poziv uključuje se u politiku 1848. godine kao član novoosnovanog Banskog vijeća, te nakon toga uspijeva postati članom Hrvatskog sabora što mu je dugo vremena bio cilj i tada napokon ima priliku izraditi značajne pomake u hrvatskoj povijesti. Obzirom da je iza njega dugogodišnja karijera na visokim upravnim položajima, stekao je znanja i vrijednosti koje je iskoristio za razvoj i reforme u smjeru razvoja moderne Hrvatske. Izradio je najvažnije pravno političke akte i napravio reformu uprave, pravosuđa, školstva i gospodarstva. Tijekom svog djelovanja bio je imenovan za zamjenika generalnog prokuratora za Hrvatsku, bio je državni nadodvjetnik, predsjednik Matice ilirske, zastupnik u Hrvatskom saboru, dvorski kancelar i možda najpoznatije bio je prvi hrvatski ban iz naroda, ban pučanin. Nakon proglašenja Oktroiranog ustava 1849. godine Mažuranić od Cara zahtjeva potvrdu hrvatske autonomije i sjedinjenje Vojne Krajine. Pitanje hrvatske autonomije i sjedinjenje Vojne Krajine je bilo razlog višegodišnjih borbi i naposlijetku Mažuranićeve ostavke i povlačenje iz politike. |
| Abstract (english) | The nineteenth century was a crucial period for the modernization of a country still under a feudal system into a modern state, in line with then European trends. Ivan Mažuranić contributed immensely to development of that modern state. He left an impression with his literature and in culture overall, but even more importantly for Croatia were his reforms in administration, judiciary, education and economy. Under Mažuranić, the institute of government accountability to Parliament was introduced, executive offices were divided from the judiciary, freedom of the press was introduced, free but compulsory four-year education was implemented, the University of Zagreb was founded, and numerous other school reforms were executed. He started his career as a writer and produced an exceptional collection of literary works, whose qualities were recognized by the acclaimed Ljudevit Gaj, who then included Mažuranić in the Croatian National Revival, which focused on awakening national consciousness and gathered reform-minded intellectuals. At the start of the revival movement, there was no clear program, but pressure from the Hungarian and Austrian sides forced the group to create clear goals and fight harder. As a part of the movement, the People's Party was founded. At the invitation of then Croatian Ban Josip Jelačić, Mažuranić joined politics in 1848, and became a member of the newly established Ban Council, after which he became a member of the Croatian Parliament, which was one of his long-term goals. This appointment gave him the opportunity to leave a substantial imprint on Croatian history. Thanks to his extensive career in high administrative positions, he gained knowledge and values that he used to help further develop and reform the country into a modern Croatia. He drafted significant legal and political acts, and reformed administration, judiciary, education and economy. After the proclamation of the Oktroiran Constitution in 1849, Mažuranić demanded from the emperor confirmation of Croatian autonomy and the unification of the Military Krajina. During his entire career, he Deputy Prosecutor General for Croatia, State Attorney, President of the Illyrian Matica, Member of the Croatian Parliament, Court Chancellor and perhaps most famously was the first Croatian ban named “Ban of the People.” The challenges that came from seeking Croatian autonomy and the unification of the Military Krajina ended in many years of struggle and ultimately with Mažuranić's resignation and withdrawal from politics. |
