The European security and defense policy has undergone many changes through its development as part of the common foreign and security policy of the European Union. The increasingly rapid changes in terms of security and defense in the world require Europe to adapt to these frequent and rapid changes in order not to fall behind the world's superpowers. The EU and its member states have finally realized that they cannot only count on other world superpowers and international organizations, but that in terms of security and defense policy, Europe must become strategically autonomous. In the first part of this paper, I will talk about the beginnings of the common foreign and security policy and the very development of the security and defense policy of the EU, from the founding of the League of Nations until the conclusion of the Treaty of Lisbon. In the second part, the topics are the current state of the security and defense policy, the establishment of the European Security Agency, the launch of Permanent Structured Cooperation, the influence of these organizations on the further development of Europe's defense capabilities, and the establishment of the European Defense Fund and ideas and projects financed from those resources. In the last part, I will talk about the new perspectives that await the EU, there I will mention the French initiative, its role in the future of security and defense policy and the adoption of a very important document for the security of Europe - the Strategic Compass. Towards the end of the paper, I will give my opinion and conclusion on the future of the European security and defense policy.